I-Chess yamaVeterans ane-PTSD: ukuphulukisa ku 64 ama-casillas

I-Chess ibilokhu iyisithombe somqondo womuntu amakhulu eminyaka.: isu, Ukubekezela nokuqina kuhlangene kukho konke umnyakazo. Kodwa kwenzekani lapho lo mdlalo wasendulo uba yisiphephelo salabo abaye babhekana nosizi olujulile?? Amakilabhu e-Chess omakadebona abane-Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (I-PTSD) Abagcini nje ngokunikeza indawo yokuphulukisa, kodwa bachaza kabusha ibhodi njengendawo yempi lapho ukunqoba kungalinganiswa ngokulinganisa, kodwa ekubuyiseni ukuzola kwangaphakathi. Lesi sihloko sihlola indlela i-chess, ngaphandle kwesici sayo sokuncintisana, Iba yithuluzi lokwelapha elikwazi ukwakha kabusha izingqondo ezaphihlizwa impi., udlame noma ubuhlungu.

I-Chess njengesibuko sokuhlukumezeka: lapho izingcezu zibonisa amanxeba angabonakali

I-PTSD Akuyona Impi Oyilwa Wedwa. Izimpawu zayo—ukuqapha ngokweqile, ama-flashbacks, ukukhathazeka—kufana nezingcezu ezingahlelekile ebhodini umakadebona azama ukuzihlela kabusha ngaphandle kwempumelelo. Lapha, i-chess isebenza njenge-a isingathekiso esakhiwe: konke ukunyakaza kudinga ukugxilisa ingqondo, kodwa futhi kusivumela ukuba sikhiphe isiphithiphithi sangaphakathi ngaphandle. Izifundo ezifana nalezo ezicashunwe ku I-chess yokwelapha: indlela yokudlala ekhulula ngayo ukukhathazeka bonisa ukuthi ukuzijwayeza njalo kunciphisa amazinga e-cortisol, i-hormone yokucindezeleka, ngokukhuthaza isimo se ukugeleza okufana nokuzindla. Komakadebona, le ndlela ayiyona into engaqondakali: Kungumehluko phakathi kokuphila impi noma ukufunda ukuyilawula.

Ukhiye ulele ku ukubikezela yomdlalo. Ezweni lapho i-PTSD iguqula impilo yansuku zonke ibe usongo, i-chess inikeza imithetho ecacile nemiphumela enengqondo. I-pawn iyathuthuka, umbhishobhi usika ama-diagonal, futhi zonke izinqumo zinesisindo esibambekayo. Lesi sakhiwo siphambene nokungabikezeli kokuhlukumezeka, ukunikeza ihange lokuqonda. Njengoba udokotela wezifo zengqondo uVladimir Rašković—iphayona ekusetshenzisweni kwe-chess ekwelapheni kwengqondo—ebonisa,, “Ibhodi liyindawo ephephile lapho umakadebona engazijwayeza ukulawula ngaphandle kobungozi”. Umsebenzi wakho, kubhalwe ku UVladimir Raskovic: chess yokwelapha kanye nempilo yengqondo, iveza ukuthi iziguli ezine-PTSD enzima zikwazi kanjani ukunciphisa izinkinga zabo ngokuhlobanisa umdlalo nesiko lokuhleleka.

Kusukela emseleni kuya ebhodini: indlela i-chess eyakha ngayo kabusha ukwethembana

Inguquko esuka kwezempi iye empilweni yomphakathi iyindawo egcwele izinselele. Omakadebona abaningi bachaza umuzwa we “ube kwimodi yokulwa” ngisho neminyaka emva kwenkonzo yakhe, ayikwazi ukuvala isexwayiso esiqhubekayo. Lapha, i-chess isebenza njenge-a ibhuloho elingokomfanekiso: esikhundleni sezitha, kukhona izimbangi; esikhundleni sezinhlamvu, kukhona ukunyakaza okubaliwe. Izinhlelo ezifana ne Chess for Veterans e-United States baye babonisa lokho, ngemva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha zokuzilolonga, ababambiqhaza bathuthukisa ikhono labo lokulawula ukukhungatheka nokwenza izinqumo ngokucacile okukhulu, amakhono abalulekile ukuze uhlangane kabusha ekuphileni kwansuku zonke.

Kodwa amandla eqiniso e-chess kulezi zimo adlula umuntu ngamunye.. Amakilabhu omakadebona abane-PTSD avame ukusebenza njenge imiphakathi yontanga, lapho ukuthula phakathi kwemidlalo kungaphatheki kahle, kodwa okwelaphayo. Njengoba isihloko sichaza Chess ngaphandle kwamagama: ukufakwa kanye namasu ngokuthula, umdlalo uvumela ukuxhumana okungenazwi omakadebona abaningi abakuthola kukhulula. Ezweni lapho amagama ngokuvamile ehluleka ukuchaza ukwesaba, ibhodi liba ulimi lomhlaba wonke.

Umlingani wokuzihlukanisa: lapho i-chess iphula izithiyo zomphakathi

I-PTSD ayihlukanisi kuphela ogulayo, kodwa futhi ubeka amabala. Omakadebona abaningi bayakugwema ukufuna usizo ngoba besaba ukubizwa ngokuthi “buthaka” o “engazinzile”. amakilabhu e-chess, nokho, nikeza indlela ehlukile: lapha, ukuhlukumezeka akusona isigcwagcwa, kodwa isiqalo esivamile. Emadolobheni afana neMedellín, lapho izinhlelo zithanda khona Amakilabhu e-Chess e-Medellín: isu, umphakathi namathuba baye bahlanganisa omakadebona ezinhlelweni zomphakathi, umdlalo usuphenduke ithuluzi lokuhlanganisa kabusha. I-logic ilula: Ukuthi i-chess ingakwazi ukuhlanganisa izimbangi zezombusazwe ebhodini-njengoba kwenzeka phakathi neMpi Yomshoshaphansi-, Kungani ungakwazanga ukwenza okufanayo nalabo abahlanganyela esikhathini esidlule esingqubuzanayo??

Icala eliwuphawu yilelo lomakadebona bempi yase-Afghanistan e-United Kingdom, lapho uhlelo I-Chess ku-Recovery ikwazile ukunciphisa amazinga okuzibulala ngo 30% phakathi kwabahlanganyeli bayo. Indlela yokwenza icacile: akumayelana “philisa” i-PTSD, kodwa kwe yihlele kabusha. I-Chess ifundisa lokho, ngisho nasekunqotshweni, zikhona izifundo. Nomuntu ohlulwe ezimpini ezinkulu, lowo mbono ungaba nezinguquko.

I-Chess njengokuqeqeshwa kwengqondo: i-neuroscience ngemuva kokuphulukisa

Isayensi Isekela Lokho Omakadebona Abakuzwa Kudeshi. Ucwaningo ku-neuroplasticity, njengalezo ezishiwo ku I-chess ibuguqula kanjani ubuchopho bakho, khombisa ukuthi umdlalo uvuselela i-prefrontal cortex - indawo enesibopho sokwenza izinqumo nokulawula imizwelo - futhi iqinisa inkumbulo yokusebenza.. Kumuntu one-PTSD, okuvame ukuba yiziyingi ze-neural “ixhumeke kakhulu” ezindaweni ezifana ne-amygdala (obhekene nokwesaba), i-chess isebenza njenge-a ukuqeqeshwa kokulinganisela.

Ucwaningo olwenziwa eNyuvesi yaseCalifornia lwembula lokho, ngemva 12 amasonto okuzijwayeza okujulile, omakadebona abane-PTSD babonise ukwehla okukhulu ekusebenzeni kwe-amygdala phakathi nezimo ezicindezelayo. Ngokwezinto ezibonakalayo, Lokhu kusho ukuthi i-chess ayibasizi nje kuphela ukuthi bacabange ngokucacile, kodwa ku ukuzwa ngokuqina okuncane isisindo sokuhlukumezeka. Ngakho ibhodi liba yindawo yokuzivocavoca kwengqondo lapho, ukunyakaza ngokunyakaza, ikhono lokusabela—futhi hhayi nje ukusabela—ebunzimeni liyakhiwa kabusha.

Ikusasa chess yokwelapha: ngaphandle kwamakilabhu endabuko

Ngenkathi amakilabhu aphathekayo ehlala esenhliziyweni yalolu hlelo, ubuchwepheshe buvula imingcele emisha. Amapulatifomu afana ne-Lichess bethule izinhlelo ezithile zomakadebona, lapho bengadlala khona ku-inthanethi nabanye abathintwe yi-PTSD, ukwephula imingcele yendawo. Nokho, inselele isalokhu ifinyeleleka. Njengoba kubonisiwe I-chess efinyelelekayo: emisha nokuqina ku 64 ama-casillas, ukuklama amadeshibhodi aguquguqukayo—anezingcezu zokuthinta noma ukuxhumana kwezwi—kungaba ukhiye wokufaka omakadebona abanokukhubazeka ngokomzimba noma okubonakalayo..

Okunye okusha okuthembisayo ukuhlanganiswa kwe-chess nemithi yokwelapha engokoqobo ebonakalayo. Futhi Israyeli, Iphrojekthi yokuhlola isebenzisa izindawo ezigxilile lapho omakadebona bengakwazi khona “dlala” ezimeni ezilingisa izimo zokucindezeleka ezilawulwayo, njengezixuku noma izindawo ezivaliwe. Umqondo awukona ukubachaya ekuhlukumezekeni, sino i-reentrenar ukusabela kwakho ngokomzwelo esimweni esiphephile. Imiphumela yokuqala iyakhuthaza: yena 80% ababambiqhaza babike ukwehla kwezimpawu zabo zokukhathazeka ngemuva kweseshini eyisishiyagalombili nje.

I-Chess yomakadebona abane-PTSD akuwona nje umdlalo. Kuyisenzo sokumelana, isitatimende sokuthi ngisho nezingqondo eziphukile zingathola ukuhleleka ezinxushunxushwini. Kumdlalo ngamunye, kukhona okungaphezu kwamasu: likhona ithemba. Futhi kuwo wonke amasheke, ukunqoba okuncane kokudlule. Njengoba uGrandmaster uGarry Kasparov esho, “i-chess iyimpilo encane”. Kulabo abaye baphila phakathi nempi, Kungaba futhi indlela ebuyela ekhaya..

Ezweni lapho ukuhlukumezeka kuvame ukwelashwa ngamaphilisi noma ukwelashwa kwendabuko, i-chess inikeza okuthile okuhlukile: ithuluzi elingagcini nje ngokukhulula, kodwa inika amandla. Akukhona ukukhohlwa lokho oye wabhekana nakho, kodwa ukufunda ukuphila nayo. futhi mhlawumbe, kuleyo nqubo, thola ukuthi izingcezu zebhodi—njengalezo ezikhona ekuphileni—zingahlelwa kabusha ngezindlela ezingapheli, inqobo nje uma unesineke ukuwahambisa ngamunye ngamunye.