Chess kwa Veterans omwe ali ndi PTSD: machiritso mu 64 casilas

Chess yakhala chiwonetsero cha malingaliro amunthu kwazaka zambiri.: njira, Kuleza mtima ndi kulimba mtima zimayenderana mumayendedwe aliwonse. Koma chimachitika ndi chiyani masewera akale akamasanduka pothaŵirapo anthu amene akumana ndi zowawa kwambiri?? Makalabu a chess a omenyera nkhondo omwe ali ndi Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Iwo samangopereka malo ochiritsa, koma amatanthauziranso gululo ngati bwalo lankhondo pomwe kupambana sikuyesedwa mu checkmate, koma m’kubwezeranso bata lamkati. Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza momwe chess, kupitirira mpikisano wake, Imakhala chida chochizira chomwe chimatha kukonzanso malingaliro osweka ndi nkhondo., chiwawa kapena ululu.

Chess ngati galasi la zoopsa: pamene zidutswazo zimasonyeza mabala osaoneka

PTSD Si Nkhondo Yomwe Mumalimbana Nokha. Zizindikiro zake - hypervigilance, flashbacks, nkhawa—zili ngati zidutswa zosalongosoka zimene msilikali wankhondoyo amayesa kuzikonza koma osapambana. Pano, chess imagwira ntchito ngati a fanizo lokhazikika: kuyenda kulikonse kumafuna kukhazikika, koma imatithandizanso kutulutsa chisokonezo chamkati. Maphunziro monga omwe atchulidwa mu Therapeutic chess: momwe masewera amachotsera nkhawa kuwonetsa kuti kuchita pafupipafupi kumachepetsa milingo ya cortisol, hormone ya stress, polimbikitsa dziko la kuyenda zofanana ndi kusinkhasinkha. Kwa msilikali wakale, njira iyi si yachidule: Ndiko kusiyana pakati pa kuyambiranso ndewu kapena kuphunzira kuilamulira.

Chinsinsi chagona mu kulosera zamasewera. M'dziko lomwe PTSD imasintha moyo watsiku ndi tsiku kukhala wowopsa, chess imapereka malamulo omveka bwino ndi zotsatira zomveka. Pawn ikupita patsogolo, bishopu amadula ma diagonal, ndipo chigamulo chilichonse chili ndi kulemera kwake. Kapangidwe kameneka kamasiyana ndi kusayembekezeka kwa zoopsa, kupereka chidziwitso chokwanira. Monga momwe katswiri wa zamaganizo Vladimir Rašković—mpainiya wa kugwiritsira ntchito chess m’mankhwala ochiritsira amisala—ananenera,, “Bolodi ndi malo otetezeka momwe msilikali wankhondo amatha kuwongolera popanda chiopsezo”. Ntchito yanu, zolembedwa mu Vladimir Raskovic: achire chess ndi thanzi labwino, ikuwonetsa momwe odwala omwe ali ndi PTSD yayikulu amatha kuchepetsa zovuta zawo pophatikiza masewerawa ndi mwambo wadongosolo..

Kuchokera kumtunda kupita ku bolodi: momwe chess imamangiranso kukhulupirirana

Kusintha kuchokera ku usilikali kupita ku moyo wamba ndi vuto lalikulu. Omenyera nkhondo ambiri amafotokoza kumverera kwa “kukhala mu mode kupambana” ngakhale zaka pambuyo pa utumiki wake, osatha kuzimitsa chenjezo lokhazikika. Pano, chess imagwira ntchito ngati a mlatho wophiphiritsa: m’malo mwa adani, pali opikisana nawo; m’malo mwa zipolopolo, pali masanjidwe mayendedwe. Mapulogalamu ngati Chess kwa Veterans ku United States zasonyeza zimenezo, pambuyo pa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi yakuchita, otenga nawo mbali amawongolera kuthekera kwawo kuthana ndi kukhumudwa ndikupanga zisankho momveka bwino, maluso ofunikira kuti agwirizanenso m'moyo watsiku ndi tsiku.

Koma mphamvu yeniyeni ya chess muzochitika izi imapitilira munthu payekha.. Makalabu ankhondo akale omwe ali ndi PTSD nthawi zambiri amakhala ngati magulu a anzawo, kumene kukhala chete pakati pa masewera sikovuta, koma achire. Monga momwe nkhaniyo ikulongosolera Chess popanda mawu: kuphatikiza ndi njira mwakachetechete, masewerawa amalola kugwirizana sanali mawu kuti akale ambiri amapeza kumasula. M’dziko limene mawu amalephera kufotokoza zoopsazi, gululo limakhala chilankhulo chapadziko lonse lapansi.

Woyang'anira kudzipatula: pamene chess imaphwanya zopinga zamagulu

PTSD imapatula wodwala yekha, komanso amasalana. Omenyera nkhondo ambiri amapewa kufunafuna thandizo kuopa kuti angatchulidwe kuti ndi “ofooka” o “osakhazikika”. makalabu a chess, komabe, kupereka njira ina: Pano, kuvulala si kusalana, koma poyambira wamba. M'mizinda ngati Medellín, kumene zoyeserera zimakonda Makalabu a chess ku Medellín: njira, mudzi ndi mwayi aphatikiza omenyera nkhondo m'mapulogalamu ochezera, masewerawa akhala chida reintegration. Mfundo yake ndi yosavuta: Kaya chess ingagwirizanitse omenyera ndale pagulu - monga zidachitikira pa Cold War, Nanga n’cifukwa ciani simunacite cimodzi-modzi ndi anthu amene amasemphana maganizo m’mbuyomu??

Chitsanzo chodziwika bwino ndi cha asilikali akale a nkhondo ya Afghanistan ku United Kingdom, ku program Chess mu Recovery wakwanitsa kuchepetsa ziŵerengero zodzipha ndi 30% pakati pa otenga nawo mbali. Njira yake ndi yomveka: siziri za “chiritsa” ndi PTSD, koma cha sinthaninso izo. Chess imaphunzitsa zimenezo, ngakhale pakugonja, pali maphunziro. Ndipo kwa munthu amene wataya nkhondo zazikulu, malingaliro amenewo akhoza kukhala osintha.

Chess ngati maphunziro amisala: neuroscience kumbuyo kwa machiritso

Sayansi Imachirikiza Zomwe Veterans Amakumana nazo pa Dash. Kafukufuku mu neuroplasticity, monga omwe atchulidwa mu Momwe chess imasinthira ubongo wanu, onetsani kuti masewerawa amalimbikitsa prefrontal cortex - dera lomwe limayang'anira kupanga zisankho komanso kuwongolera malingaliro - ndikulimbitsa kukumbukira ntchito.. Kwa munthu yemwe ali ndi PTSD, omwe ma neural circuits nthawi zambiri amakhala “hyperconnected” m'madera monga amygdala (chifukwa cha mantha), chess imagwira ntchito ngati a rebalance maphunziro.

Kafukufuku wochokera ku yunivesite ya California anasonyeza kuti, pambuyo 12 masabata ochita mwamphamvu, ma veterans omwe ali ndi PTSD adawonetsa kuchepa kwakukulu kwa activation ya amygdala panthawi yamavuto. M'mawu othandiza, Izi zikutanthauza kuti chess sikuti imangowathandiza kuganiza bwino, koma ku kumva ndi mphamvu zochepa kulemera kwa zoopsa. bolodi motero amakhala maganizo masewero olimbitsa thupi kumene, kuyenda ndi kuyenda, Kukhoza kuyankha—osati kungochitapo kanthu—pamavuto kumamangidwanso.

Tsogolo la achire chess: kupitirira makalabu achikhalidwe

Pomwe makalabu amthupi amakhalabe pamtima pa izi, ukadaulo ukutsegula malire atsopano. Mapulatifomu ngati Lichess akhazikitsa mapulogalamu apadera ankhondo akale, komwe amatha kusewera pa intaneti ndi ena omwe akhudzidwa ndi PTSD, kuswa zopinga za malo. Komabe, vuto likadali kupezeka. Monga tanenera Kufikika chess: luso komanso kulimba mtima mu 64 casilas, kupanga ma dashboard osinthika - okhala ndi zidutswa zogwira kapena zolumikizira mawu - zitha kukhala chinsinsi chophatikiza akale omwe ali ndi zilema zakuthupi kapena zowona..

Chinanso chomwe chikulonjeza ndikuphatikiza chess ndi njira zochiritsira zenizeni. Ndipo Israeli, Pulojekiti yoyesa imagwiritsa ntchito malo ozama momwe omenyera nkhondo amatha “sewera” muzochitika zomwe zimatsanzira mikhalidwe yopanikizika yolamulidwa, monga makamu kapena malo otsekedwa. Lingaliro silo kuwaika pangozi, sino reentrenar kuyankha kwanu m'malingaliro otetezeka. Zotsatira zoyambirira ndi zolimbikitsa: iye 80% mwa omwe adatenga nawo gawo adanenanso za kuchepa kwa zizindikiro za nkhawa pambuyo pa magawo asanu ndi atatu okha.

Chess kwa omenyera nkhondo omwe ali ndi PTSD simasewera chabe. Ndikuchita kukana, mawu akuti ngakhale malingaliro osweka kwambiri amatha kupeza dongosolo mu chisokonezo. Mumasewera aliwonse, pali zambiri kuposa njira: pali chiyembekezo. Ndipo mu cheke chilichonse, chigonjetso chaching'ono pa zakale. Monga Grandmaster Garry Kasparov adanena, “chess ndi moyo pang'ono”. Kwa iwo amene akhala ndi moyo kunkhondo, Ikhozanso kukhala njira yobwerera kwathu..

M’dziko limene anthu ovulala kwambiri amathandizidwa ndi mapiritsi kapena mankhwala azikhalidwe, chess imapereka china chake: chida chomwe sichimangotsitsimutsa, koma kupatsa mphamvu. Sikuti kuyiwala zomwe mwakumana nazo, koma kuphunzira kukhala nawo. ndipo mwina, munjira imeneyo, zindikirani kuti zidutswa za bolodi—monga za m’moyo—zikhoza kukonzedwanso m’njira zopanda malire, malinga ngati muli ndi chipiriro chowasuntha mmodzimmodzi.