Umsuka wamagama obuchwepheshe: umlando kanye nelukuluku

Kusukela abantu baqala ukwenza amathuluzi, imishini nezinto eziyinkimbinkimbi, isidingo sokuqamba ingxenye ngayinye saba sibalulekile. Kodwa, Wake wazibuza ukuthi kungani izingcezu zithola amagama eziwenzayo?? Ngemuva kwawo wonke amatemu obuchwepheshe, kusukela kokulula kuya kokukhethekile kakhulu, Kunendaba ethokozisayo exuba i-etymology, ukuziphendukela kwemvelo kwezobuchwepheshe, isiko ngisho nezifiso zolimi. Amanye amagama avela emisebenzini yawo, abanye besimo sakhe, nokunye okwengeziwe okuvela emasikweni asukela emakhulwini eminyaka adlule.

Kulesi sihloko, Sizohlola umsuka kanye nezizathu ze-nomenclature yezingcezu, ukwembula indlela ulimi lobuchwepheshe olukheke ngayo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Sizohlaziya kusuka kumagama ajwayelekile kakhulu siye kulawo ahluka ngokwesifunda noma ngezimboni., ukuthola lokho, ezimweni eziningi, Igama lesiqeshana liwumfanekiso womlando waso, usizo lwawo ngisho nabantu abawudalile. Ulungele ukungena ezweni elihehayo lamagama obuchwepheshe??

Umsuka wokusebenza: lapho igama lizalwa ngosizo

Indlela enembile kakhulu yokuqamba ucezu iwukuchaza umsebenzi walo.. Le ndlela indala njengobunjiniyela uqobo., futhi amagama amaningi obuchwepheshe avela esidingweni sokuxhumana ngokucacile nangokuqondile ukuthi ingxenye ngayinye yenzani.. Ngokwesibonelo, yena isikulufu iqanjwe igama layo ngesiLatini i-torneare (spin), njengoba inhloso yayo iyilokho kanye: zungezisa ukuze ubambe noma ulungise. Ngokufanayo, i nati livela kwisiLatini twist, yona ephuma kuyo ukusonta (ukusonta), okubonisa indima yayo ehambisanayo naleyo yesikulufu.

Embonini yezimoto, imigomo efana i-crankshaft o isinqe Futhi banezimpande ezisebenzayo. I-crankshaft, Ngokwesibonelo, igama layo ngenxa yokuma kwayo “unogolantethe” (kubhekiselwa emilenzeni emide yale nyoni), njengoba izingalo zaso ezinde zisikhumbuza izitho zesilwane. Ikhanda lesilinda, Ngokolunye uhlangothi, ivela i-cusp o ikhanda, njengoba kuyingxenye engenhla yenjini lapho kugcinwa khona ama-valve negumbi lomlilo. La magama awachazi ucezu kuphela, kodwa futhi kusiza ukuhlonza kwabo esimweni sobuchwepheshe.

Nokho, akuzona zonke izingcezu ezinamagama asebenzayo ezisobala. Abanye, njengaye umehluko emotweni, zidinga ulwazi lwangaphambili ukuze uqonde igama labo. Umehluko uvumela amasondo ukuthi ajikeleze ngesivinini esihlukene, ikakhulukazi kumajika, “ukwehlukanisa” ukunyakaza kwakho. Lezi zinhlobo zamagama, nakuba kunembile, ingaba yimfihlakalo kulabo abangayijwayele inkambu.

Ithonya lomumo nokufana okubonakalayo

Uma umsebenzi ungenele ukubiza ucezu, Umuntu usebenzisa ukucabanga kwakhe nokufana okubonakalayo. Le ndlela ivame kakhulu ezingxenyeni ukuthi, ngomklamo wayo, Zikhumbuza izinto zansuku zonke noma izakhi zemvelo. Isibonelo sakudala yi- mariposa kuma-carburetors, i-valve elawula ukugeleza komoya futhi ukunyakaza kwayo okusikhumbuza ukubhakuzisa kwamaphiko alesi sinambuzane. Elinye icala yi- i-camshaft, ibizwa kanjalo ngoba amakhamera ayo (amaqhubu) Afana namagatsha esihlahla.

kwezobuchwepheshe, imigomo efana pata (ukubhekisela kumaphini wesekethe ehlanganisiwe) o isicabucabu (ingxenye esabalalisa okwamanje ku-transformer) Zibuye ziqhamuke ekuqhathaniseni okubonakalayo. Lezi zingathekiso azigcini nje ngokusiza ngekhanda, kodwa futhi benza ulimi lobuchwepheshe lube ngumuntu, ukwenza imiqondo engabonakali ifinyeleleke kakhudlwana. Nokho, Le ndlela ingaholela ekudidekeni lapho ukufana kungafani nendawo yonke.. Ngokwesibonelo, kwamanye amazwe, lokho eSpain kwaziwa ngokuthi i-wing nut (ngenxa yokuma kwephiko layo), kwezinye izindawo kuthiwa indlebe nati, ngokubhekisela ku “izindlebe” lokho kukuvumela ukuthi uyiphendule ngeminwe yakho.

Ukuvela kwedizayini nakho kungawashintsha lawa magama.. Izingcezu ezake zafana ngokusobala nento manje zingaba nezimo ezingacacile ngenxa yentuthuko yezobuchwepheshe, kodwa igama layo langempela liphikelela ngokwesiko. Lokhu kubonisa indlela ulimi lobuchwepheshe, uma sekusunguliwe, ijwayele ukumelana noshintsho, nalapho iqiniso elichazayo alisafani.

Ifa lomlando namasiko kubizo

Amagama amaningi ezingxenye awaphumanga ndawo, kodwa kuwumphumela wamakhulu eminyaka wokuziphendukela kwezilimi namasiko. Ifa leGreco-Latin, Ngokwesibonelo, ishiye uphawu olungacimeki kulwazi lwamagama lobuchwepheshe. Imigomo efana ipiston (kusuka ku-latin ithrekhi, “hit”) o plunger (kusukela esiGrekini emboli, “okungethulwa”) Banezimpande ezibuyela emandulo, lapho onjiniyela bokuqala beqala ukuzama izindlela zokunyakaza ezilandelanayo.

Kwezinye izimo, amagama akhombisa amathonya amasiko athile. Yena i-chassis, Ngokwesibonelo, livela French i-chassis, yona isuselwa olimini lwesiLatini ibhokisi (ibhokisi). Leli gama laduma embonini yezimoto phakathi nekhulu le-19., lapho i-France yayiyi-benchmark ekukhiqizeni izimoto. Ngokufanayo, yena i-carburetor ukweleta igama layo ohlelweni lwe i-carburization, igama lamakhemikhali elichaza ingxube yomoya kanye nophethiloli, kodwa ngeSpanishi yamukela indlela yesiFulentshi i-carburetor ngaphambi kokuba abe iSpanishi.

Ukuhwebelana kwembulunga yonke nakho kube neqhaza elikhulu ekumisweni kwamagama. Ngekhulu lama-20, IsiNgisi saba ulimi olusetshenziswa kakhulu kwezobuchwepheshe, okwaholela ekwamukelweni kwemigomo efana nalokhu isofthiwe, hardware o chip cishe kuzo zonke izilimi. Nokho, kwezinye izimo, izilimi zendawo ziyamelana naleli thonya. Ngokwesibonelo, ngeSpanishi, yena igundane IT yaziwa ngokuthi igundane, ukujwayela okugcina isingathekiso esibonwayo kodwa olimini lwendawo. Lokhu kungezwani phakathi kwezwe jikelele kanye nendawo kuwukubonakaliswa kwendlela isiko elilolonga ngayo ulimi lobuchwepheshe.

Izimo zolimi: lapho igama lingalandeli ingqondo

Akuwona wonke amagama ezingxenye anencazelo enengqondo. Ezimweni eziningi, Igama layo liwumphumela wezinqumo ezigodlile, amaphutha omlando noma ngisho amahlaya phakathi konjiniyela. Isibonelo esimangalisayo yilesi isicathulo kumabhuleki ezigubhu, ucezu olungahlobene nezicathulo, kodwa ogama lakhe livela esimeni sayo, ikhumbuza kancane isicathulo. Elinye icala yi- amadevu kwezinye izingxenye ze-elekthronikhi, igama elisho izintambo ezincane eziphuma ku-transistor, efana nezindevu zekati.

Embonini yezindiza, yena ibhokisi elimnyama (ibhokisi elimnyama) Kuyisibonelo sokuthi igama lingadukisa kanjani.. Naphezu kokubizwa “negra”, Lesi siqeshana ngokuvamile sinombala osawolintshi okhanyayo ukuze kube lula ukutholakala lapho kwenzeka ingozi.. Igama “negra” ivela ekuhlotshaneni kwayo nokungaziwa noma okungaqondakali, njengoba okuqukethwe kwayo kuhlaziywa kuphela ngemuva kwengozi. Lezi zinhlobo zamagama, nakuba kungenangqondo kakhulu, Zigcinwa ngokwesiko futhi ngoba, uma sekusunguliwe, kunzima ukushintsha.

Ngisho nakukhompyutha, Kunezibonelo zamagama angahambisani nomqondo. Yena iphutha (iphutha kuhlelo) iqanjwa nge-anecdote yangempela: phakathi 1947, Onjiniyela baseHarvard bathola ukuthi inundu (iphutha ngesiNgisi) wayengene ngesinyenyela kukhompyutha yakhe, okubangela ukwehluleka. Nakuba namuhla leli gama lisetshenziselwa noma yiliphi iphutha, Umsuka wayo ungokoqobo. La macala akhombisa lokho, ngolimi lobuchwepheshe, Umlando nethuba ngezinye izikhathi kudlula ukunemba.

Iziphetho: Ulimi lobuchwepheshe njengomfanekiso wokuziphendukela kwemvelo komuntu

Ngokuhlola umsuka wamagama ezingcezu, Sithola ukuthi ngemuva kwethemu ngayinye kunendaba edlula incazelo elula. Ukusuka ekusebenzeni kuye kwisingathekiso esibukwayo, ukudlula amagugu amasiko kanye nezimo zolimi, I-nomenclature yobuchwepheshe isibuko sendlela abantu abasebenzisane ngayo nobuchwepheshe phakathi namakhulu eminyaka.. Lawa magama awagcini nje ngokusiza ukuxhumana phakathi kochwepheshe, kodwa futhi uveze indlela yokusungula, isiko ngisho namahlaya kuye kwakha isilulumagama esisithatha kalula namuhla.

Nokho, ulimi lobuchwepheshe alumile. Njengoba ubuchwepheshe buthuthuka, Kuvela amagama amasha kanti amanye amadala awasasetshenziswa. Ukuhwebelana kwembulunga yonke kanye nokujwayelekile kuyaqhubeka nokuguqula indlela esiqamba ngayo izingxenye, nakuba kuyohlale kunendawo yethonya lendawo kanye nama-anecdotes omlando. Okuthakazelisayo yilokho, ezimweni eziningi, Amagama esiwasebenzisayo namuhla awumphumela wezinqumo ezenziwa emashumini eminyaka noma emakhulwini eminyaka adlule., okusikhumbuza ukuthi ukuqamba okusha akwakhiwe ngezinto zokwakha kanye nemiklamo, kodwa futhi ngamazwi.

Ngakho ngesikhathi esilandelayo lapho uzwa igama lesiqephu, noma a isikulufu, futhi ipiston o eyodwa iphutha, Khumbula ukuthi ngemuva kwalelo gama kunendaba ehlanganisa isikhathi esedlule nesamanje. futhi ngubani owaziyo, mhlawumbe esikhathini esizayo, Amagama abonakala eyinqaba noma ephikisana nathi namuhla ayisisekelo sesiko elisha lolimi.