Sarauniya Gambit: Gaskiya ko almara a cikin dara?

A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, Kaɗan jerin sun ɗauki tunanin jama'a kamar Sarauniya Gambit (2020), samar da Netflix da aka yaba wanda ke ba da labarin rayuwar Bet Harmon, gwanin chess a shekarun 1990 1960. Bayan makircinsa na jaraba da kayan kwalliya na baya, jerin sun kawo tambaya mai ban sha'awa: Yaya girman lamarin da yake bayyana gaskiya yake?? Shin da gaske akwai 'yan wasan chess kamar Beth, iya mamaye hukumar tare da haɗakar hazaka, sha'awa da raunin tunani? O, akasin haka, Shin almara ya wuce gona da iri don ƙirƙirar labari mai ban mamaki da ban sha'awa??

Wannan labarin ya bincika mahaɗin tsakanin gaskiya da almara a ciki Sarauniya Gambit, nazarin komai tun daga sahihancin gasar da wasannin da aka nuna zuwa yanayin tunanin fitattun 'yan wasan dara.. Hakanan za a bincika tasirin al'adu na jerin, wanda ba kawai ya farfado da sha'awar dara ba, amma ya sake bayyana ra'ayin jama'a game da wannan wasa na hankali. Ta hanyar shaidar masana, bayanan tarihi da kwatance tare da ainihin lokuta, Za mu bayyana abin da ke gaskiya a labarin Beth Harmon da abubuwan da ke cikin fagen wasan kwaikwayo.

Chess a cikin almara: Tunani mai aminci ko wuce gona da iri?

Daya daga cikin tambayoyin farko da ke tasowa lokacin nazari Sarauniya Gambit shin ko darasi da aka nuna akan allo ingantaccen hoto ne na ainihin wasan ko salo mai salo don nishaɗi. Silsilar, bisa ga labari na wannan suna na Walter Tevis, gabatar da wasannin da, yawanci, Wasanni ne na gamuwa da tarihi ko na asali na babban ubangidan Bruce Pandolfini., wanda ya ba da shawara akan samarwa. Duk da haka, Akwai lasisin ƙirƙira waɗanda suka cancanci a ba da haske..

Misali, Gudun wasannin da ke cikin jerin an gaggaru da su sosai. A hakikanin gaskiya, gasar chess, musamman masu daraja, zai iya ɗaukar awanni, tare da 'yan wasa suna ciyarwa har zuwa sa'o'i biyu kawai don farkon su 40 ƙungiyoyi. A ciki Sarauniya Gambit, maimakon haka, Ana warware wasannin cikin 'yan mintuna kaɗan, tare da ƙungiyoyin da aka kashe tare da ruwa kusan na allahntaka. Wannan yana amsa buƙatun labari: kula da kuzarin makircin kuma hana mai kallo rasa sha'awa. Duk da haka, Wannan shawarar kuma tana ƙarfafa tatsuniyar ɗan wasan dara a matsayin ɗan adam kusan., mai iya kirga hadaddun bambance-bambance a cikin dakika.

Wani yanayin da ke haifar da muhawara shine wakilcin 'yan wasan Soviet. Jerin yana zana 'yan wasan dara na USSR a matsayin injin da ba za a iya doke su ba, tare da tsarin horar da sojoji kusan. Duk da yake gaskiya ne cewa Tarayyar Soviet ta mamaye duniya a shekarun da suka gabata - godiya ga shirin jihar wanda ya gano kuma ya horar da basira tun yana karami -, gaskiyar ta kasance mafi nuanced. 'Yan wasa kamar Mikhail Tal ko Boris Spassky ba wai kawai sun yi fice don dabarun su ba, amma kuma don kerawa da salon sa. Silsilar tana sauƙaƙa wannan sarkakiyar, gabatar da Soviets a matsayin mahallin monolithic, wanda ke karfafa wasan kwaikwayo na hamayya tsakanin Beth da abokan hamayyarta.

Daga karshe, jerin sun bar žasa kyawu na ƙwararrun darasi, kamar matsananciyar hankali, gajiya ta jiki ko tsawon sa'o'i na shiri na ka'idar. A hakikanin gaskiya, manyan masters suna shafe shekaru suna karatun buɗaɗɗe, wasan karshe da wasannin tarihi, tsarin da ba kasafai ake nunawa akan allo ba. Wannan tsallakewar ba na bazata ba ne.: almara ya fi son mayar da hankali kan hazakar Beth maimakon aikin dabarar da ke haifar da nasara a dara..

Beth Harmon: Haqiqa haziqanci ko ma’adanin adabi?

Halin Beth Harmon shine, tabbas, zuciyar Sarauniya Gambit. Haɗin ku na iyawar halitta, rashin tausayi da azama suna sa ta zama jarumar da ba za ta iya jurewa ba. Amma, Akwai 'yan wasan chess a rayuwa masu kama da ita?? Amsar tana da sarƙaƙiya kuma tana buƙatar yin nazari duka bayanan martaba na ƙwararrun darasi da abubuwan almara da ke kewaye da Beth..

Na farko, Yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa ƙwararrun ƙwanƙwasa ba ƙirƙira ce ta jerin abubuwan ba. A tarihi, Akwai adadi kamar Bobby Fischer, wanda ga 13 shekaru da ya riga ya ci nasara masters, o Judit Polgar, mafi kyawun chess a tarihi, cewa ga 15 shekaru ta zama babban malami. Wadannan lokuta sun nuna cewa basirar farko a cikin dara gaskiya ce, ko da yake ba lallai ba ne ya kasance tare da rikice-rikice na tunanin da Beth ke fuskanta. Fischer, Misali, ya sha fama da matsalar tabin hankali a matsayin manya, amma yarinta ba a nuna watsi da jaraba irin ta jarumar silsila ba.

Babban abin da ya fi jawo cece-kuce a Beth shine alakar ta da kwayoyi da barasa. a cikin jerin, Ana gabatar da waɗannan abubuwa azaman hanyar tserewa don magance matsi da kaɗaici. Duk da haka, a zahiri, Amfani da abubuwa tsakanin fitattun 'yan wasan dara ba kasafai ba ne. A gaskiya, dara yana buƙatar mafi kyawun yanayin hankali, kuma shaye-shayen muggan kwayoyi ko barasa sau da yawa ba su da amfani. Wani lamari na musamman shine na babban malamin Rasha Vladimir Malakhov, wanda ya yarda ya yi amfani da amphetamines a lokacin ƙuruciyarsa don ya kasance a faɗake yayin dogon zaman nazari, amma wannan banda, ba ka'ida ba. Silsilar ta yi karin girman wannan bangare don kara wasan kwaikwayo, ko da yake yana kuma yin hidima don ɗan adam Beth kuma ya nuna hakan, a bayan hazaka, akwai mai rauni.

Wani abin almara shine saurin da Beth ke kaiwa saman dara.. a cikin jerin, ya tashi daga zama mafari zuwa kayar da manyan ‘yan wasa a duniya cikin kasa da shekaru goma. A hakikanin gaskiya, Hanyar gwaninta tana da hankali sosai kuma tana buƙatar shekaru na nazari, gasar da, sama da duka, cin kashi. Ko da fitattun jarumai, Magnus Carlsen, Suna buƙatar fiye da shekaru goma don kafa kansu a matsayin zakarun duniya. Jerin yana matsar da wannan tsari don kiyaye saurin labari, amma kuma don jaddada ra'ayin cewa basirar Beth ta musamman ce kuma kusan sihiri.

Tasirin al'adu na Sarauniya Gambit: kafin da kuma bayan chess?

Tun da farko a watan Oktoba 2020, Sarauniya Gambit Ba wai kawai ya zama nasara mai mahimmanci da masu sauraro ba, amma kuma yana da tasirin gaske a duniyar dara. Jerin ya haifar da wani sabon abu da aka sani da “Tasirin Sarauniya Gambit”, wanda ya bayyana kansa a wani karuwar da ba a taba ganin irinsa ba a sayar da allunan dara, zazzage aikace-aikacen koyo da yin rajista don kulake da gasa. A cewar bayanan eBay, tallace-tallacen hukumar dara ya karu da 250% a cikin makonni bayan farko, yayin da dandamali irin su Chess.com sun sami karuwa 600% a cikin sababbin masu amfani.

Wannan farfadowar sha'awa a cikin dara ba a taɓa yin irinsa ba a zamanin dijital. Kodayake wasan ya riga ya sami kololuwar shahara a baya-kamar lokacin “wasa na karni” tsakanin Fischer da Spassky a 1972 -, Ba a taɓa samun samar da na'urar gani da gani da ke da irin wannan tasiri kai tsaye da girma ba. Jerin ya sami wani abu wanda shekarun da suka gabata na yakin talla bai samu ba.: rage chess kuma gabatar da shi azaman wasanni mai isa, m da, sama da duka, sanyi. Kafin Sarauniya Gambit, Mutane da yawa sun ɗauki Chess a matsayin wasa mai ban sha'awa ko mai ban sha'awa., an tanada don masu hazaka ko mutanen da ke da IQ na musamman. Jerin ya canza wannan hasashe ta hanyar nuna cewa dara na iya zama mai ƙarfi da ban mamaki kamar kowane wasa..

Tasirin jerin kuma ya kai ga gasa. Kwararrun 'yan wasa, kamar babban malamin Spain David Antón, Sun gane cewa Sarauniya Gambit ya zaburar da sabbin ƴan wasan dara. Bayan haka, jerin sun ba da gudummawar ganin darasi na mata a bayyane, filin tarihi wanda maza suka mamaye. Ko da yake Beth Harmon hali ne na almara, Nasarar da ta samu ya zaburar da mata da yawa shiga wani wasa inda har yanzu wakilcin mata ya kasance tsiraru.. A cewar Hukumar Chess ta Duniya (FIDE), adadin 'yan wasan mata da suka yi rajista ya karu da 20% in 2021, wani girma da aka dangana a wani bangare ga sakamakon jerin.

Duk da haka, ba duk tasirin ya kasance mai kyau ba. Wasu masu suka sun lura cewa jerin na iya haifar da tsammanin rashin gaskiya game da abin da ake nufi da zama dan wasan dara.. Haɓaka saurin Beth da m, salon wasan ƙirƙira ya bambanta da gaskiyar dara na zamani., inda shirye-shiryen tunani da juriya na tunani suke da mahimmanci kamar baiwa ta halitta. Bayan haka, jerin ba su magance ƙananan abubuwan ban sha'awa na ƙwararrun ƙwanƙwasa ba, kamar tabarbarewar tattalin arziki na 'yan wasa da yawa ko kuma matsin lamba na tunani wanda ke zuwa tare da gasa a matakin mafi girma.

Ilimin halayyar darasi: hazaka ko hauka?

Ɗaya daga cikin batutuwa masu ban sha'awa waɗanda ke bincika Sarauniya Gambit Dangantaka ce tsakanin dara da ilimin halin dan Adam. Jerin yana nuna cewa ƙwararren ƙwanƙwasa yana da alaƙa da alaƙa da rashin kwanciyar hankali, wani ra'ayi da ya kasance batun muhawara a tsakanin masana ilimin halayyar dan adam da masana kimiyyar kwakwalwa. Shin darasi wasa ne da ke jan hankalin masu hazaka amma masu rauni, Ko kuwa wannan haɗin kai labari ne da almara ke gudana??

Don amsa wannan tambayar, Yana da amfani a nazartar bayanan tunani na wasu fitattun 'yan wasan dara a tarihi. Bobby Fischer ne adam wata, Misali, Al'amarin misali ne. Hazakarsa a kan allo ya bambanta da halinsa mara kyau da matsalolin lafiyar kwakwalwa., wanda ya kai shi kadaici a shekarunsa na karshe. Fischer ba shine kadai ba: sauran manyan malamai, kamar Paul Morphy ko Wilhelm Steinitz, Sun kuma sha fama da rashin lafiya. Duk da haka, Yana da mahimmanci kada a yi gabaɗaya. 'Yan wasa irin su Anatoly Karpov da Viswanathan Anand sun nuna cewa yana yiwuwa a kai kololuwar dara ba tare da fuskantar matsananciyar damuwa ba..

Kimiyya tana ba da wasu alamu game da wannan dangantaka. Nazarin ilimin neuroscience ya nuna cewa ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun za su iya aiwatar da bayanai da kuma tsammanin motsi, ba da shawarar kwakwalwarka tana aiki daban da na yawancin mutane. Duk da haka, Wannan ba wai yana nufin sun fi karkata ga fama da lalurar tabin hankali ba.. A gaskiya, Wasu masu bincike suna jayayya cewa dara na iya zama kayan aikin warkewa, tunda yana inganta maida hankali, ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya da iya warware matsala.

Game da Bet Harmon, An gabatar da rashin kwanciyar hankalinsa a matsayin maƙasudi ga hazakarsa. Jerin ya nuna cewa shaye-shayen miyagun ƙwayoyi da kaɗaici shine farashin da yake biya don baiwar sa., ra'ayin da ke ƙarfafa ra'ayin mai zane mai azabtarwa. Duk da haka, a zahiri, Dangantakar da ke tsakanin kerawa da lafiyar kwakwalwa ta fi rikitarwa. Yayin da wasu bincike suka gano alaƙa tsakanin hazaka da wasu cututtuka, kamar bipolarity ko schizophrenia, Wasu kuma sun nuna cewa mafi yawan masu kirkire-kirkire ba sa fama da tabin hankali. cikin chess, matsananciyar gasa da keɓewa na iya ƙara tsananta matsalolin da suka kasance a baya, amma ba su ne dalilin hazaka kai tsaye ba.

Jerin kuma yana magance wani mahimmin yanayin tunani: abin sha'awa. Beth ba kawai wasa ba, amma yana rayuwa a gare shi, har wasan ya zama kari na ainihi. Wannan dabi'a ta zama ruwan dare a tsakanin fitattun 'yan wasan dara., wadanda sukan bayyana dara a matsayin sha'awar da ke cinye rayuwarsu. Duk da haka, sha'awa ba keɓantacce ga dara ba: Halin da 'yan wasa da yawa ke rabawa, masu fasaha da masana kimiyya. Abin da ke sa chess ya bambanta shi ne ƙarfin da yake buƙatar maida hankali da sadaukarwa., wanda hakan kan sa wasu ‘yan wasan su yi sakaci da sauran al’amuran rayuwarsu.

Ƙarshe: gaskiya ko almara?

Duk cikin wannan labarin, Mun bincika nuances da yawa waɗanda ke raba gaskiya da almara a ciki Sarauniya Gambit. Silsilar, tabbas, Gwaninta ce ta nishaɗi., iya hada wasan kwaikwayo, aesthetics da labari mai jaraba. Duk da haka, kamar duk almara, ɗauki 'yancin ƙirƙira don gina labari mai jan hankali. Ches ɗin da aka nuna ba ainihin kwafin ainihin wasan bane, amma salo mai salo wanda ke ba da fifikon kallo akan daidaito. Wasannin sun fi sauri, ’yan wasa mafi kwarjini da rigingimu masu tsanani fiye da yadda aka saba a duniyar ƙwararrun dara.

Game da halin Bet Harmon, Haɗakarwa ce ta wallafe-wallafen archetypes da ainihin lokuta. Hazakarsa ta farko tana da kamanceceniya a cikin adadi kamar Bobby Fischer ko Judit Polgár., amma bayanin martabar sa na tunanin mutum—wanda ke da alamar jaraba da raunin tunani — wuce gona da iri ne.. Jerin yana amfani da waɗannan abubuwan don haɓaka Beth kuma ya sa ta kusanci ga jama'a., amma kuma yana ƙarfafa ra'ayoyin game da hazaka a matsayin waɗanda aka azabtar. A hakikanin gaskiya, dara ba ya bukatar hauka, amma horo, hakuri da tunani na nazari.

Tasirin al'adu na Sarauniya Gambit e, watakila, gadonsa mafi wanzuwa. Jerin ya sami abin da 'yan abubuwan samarwa suka samu: farfaɗo da sha'awa a cikin tsohon wasanni da gabatar da shi a matsayin wani abu na zamani da ban sha'awa. Shi “Tasirin Sarauniya Gambit” ya nuna cewa dara na iya zama jaraba kamar kowane jerin talabijin, da cewa rokonsa ya zarce tsararraki da iyakoki. Duk da haka, Hakanan yana da mahimmanci a gane cewa jerin sun haifar da tsammanin rashin gaskiya game da abin da ake nufi da zama ɗan wasan dara., musamman dangane da saurin koyo da kwanciyar hankali.

A takaice, Sarauniya Gambit Aikin almara ne cewa, saboda haka, yana fifita nishaɗi akan cikakkiyar gaskiya. Duk da haka, Babban nasarar da ya samu shine ya kawo darasi kusa da jama'a masu sauraro, demystifying ta image a matsayin elitist da m game. Silsilar ba takalmi ba ce, amma kuma baya nuna kamar haka. Kimarsa ta ta'allaka ne a cikin ɗaukar ainihin dara - kyawunsa, rikitaccensa da ikonsa na ƙalubalantar tunanin ɗan adam-da kuma isar da shi ta hanyar da ta dace da miliyoyin mutane a duniya.. A karshe, Tambayar ba shine Beth Harmon na gaske bane ko na almara, amma idan labarinsa ya zaburar da mu mu kalli dara-da, ta tsawo, duniya-da sabbin idanu.