chess engcwele: amabhodi ahlanganisa uNkulunkulu kanye nomuntu

I-Chess yeqe isimo sayo njengomdlalo ukuze ibe uphawu lomhlaba wonke, egcwele izincazelo ezijulile. Lapho i- 64 amabhokisi aboniswa ezindaweni ezingcwele—amathempeli, amasonto noma ama-mosque—, Ibhodi liyayeka ukuba yinkundla yempi yamasu elula futhi libe ibhuloho phakathi komuntu kanye nokwaphezulu.. Iziphi izimfihlakalo eziqukethwe yilokhu kuhlanganisa okungcwele nokudlalayo?? Wenza chess, ngesakhiwo sayo esihlelekile nobunkimbinkimbi obungapheli, ayisekho ukubonakaliswa komklamo ophakeme?

Ibhodi njenge-altare: imikhuba yemilingo nezimpawu

Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, i-chess ixhunywe kokungcwele. eNdiya, umanduleli wakhe, yena Chaturanga, Akuzange nje kulingise impi, kodwa lalimelela ukuhleleka kwendawo yonke, lapho ucezu ngalunye luqukethe ingxenye yomphakathi kanye, ngokwesandiso, yendawo yonke. Lapho umdlalo ufika ePheresiya, izazi zambiza shatranj futhi bakuhlobanisa nefilosofi yamaZoroastrian, lapho okuhle nokubi kwalwa khona ngokulinganisela okuphakade. Kodwa kwakuseYurophu yangenkathi ephakathi lapho i-chess yathola khona cishe ingxenye yokukhulekela.. ezindlini zezindela, izindela zayisebenzisa njengethuluzi lokuzindla, isingathekiso sempilo lapho yonke inhlangano yayiyisifundo sokuthobeka nokubekezela. Akuqondakali ukuthi i- i-medieval chess izokwenziwa ngamaKristu: izingcezu zahunyushwa kabusha njengezifanekiselo zobuhle bemfundiso yenkolo, futhi i-checkmate yaba isikhumbuzo sesikhashana sokuphila.

emasontweni, i-chess ithole ikhaya elingalindelekile. Nakuba amanye ama-Ulama ayekwenqabela ngoba ethatha njengomdlalo wenhlanhla., abanye babeyivikela njengesenzo sobuhlakani esilola ingqondo. Emhlabeni wamaSulumane, ibhodi laba yindawo yokuzindla, lapho isu lalingeyona nje indlela yokunqoba imbangi, kodwa indlela yokusondela kuAllah. Lokhu okubili—phakathi kokuvunyelwe nalokho okungavunyelwe—kubonisa ukungezwani okukhona ku-chess.: Ingabe umdlalo ongenacala noma isiphazamiso esiyingozi?

Amasonto nama-cathedrals: i-chess njengethuluzi lokholo

EYurophu yamaKristu, i-chess yayingamukelwa kahle ngaso sonke isikhathi. IBandla layivala izikhathi eziningana, ephikisa ngokuthi yayikhuthaza ize nokuncintisana ngokweqile. Nokho, Lesi sikhundla sishintshile ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.. Ngekhulu le-13, Inkosi Alfonso X the Wise, kweyakho incwadi yemidlalo, yayihlanganisa ne-chess phakathi kwezinto ezifanele umbusi ongumKristu, inqobo nje uma idlalwe ngokulinganisela. Lo msebenzi, ibhalwe ku I-Alcazar yaseSegovia, akazange nje ahlele imithetho yomdlalo, kodwa wayiphakamisela esigabeni sobuciko obukhululekile, uma kuqhathaniswa nomculo noma isayensi yezinkanyezi.

Kodwa ukuguquka kwangempela kwenzeka lapho i-chess ihlanganiswa ne-liturgy. Kwamanye amasonto amaGothic, njengoChartres, kutholwe amaphaneli aqoshiwe ezihlalweni zamakhwaya, esikisela ukuthi abefundisi babeyisebenzisa njengendlela yokuqeqesha ingqondo. Kukhona namarekhodi emidlalo edlalwa ngesikhathi sokuhwebelana, lapho ukunyakaza kwenziwa ngokuthula, njengomthandazo onyakazayo. Lo mkhuba, nakuba kunempikiswano, lembula iqiniso elijulile: i-chess, njengokukholwa, kudinga ukugxilisa ingqondo, umhlatshelo nokuzinikela okuphelele kulesi sikhathi samanje.

Chess in Islam: phakathi kokuvinjelwa nokuhlakanipha

Emhlabeni wamaSulumane, i-chess ibe nobudlelwano obungajwayelekile nabangcwele. Ngenkathi ezinye izazi zomthetho zimgxeka ngokumcabangela maysir (ukudlala), abanye bawuvikela njengokusebenzisa ingqondo. UCaliph Haroun al-Rashid, odume ngokusekela amasiko, Ubewuthanda kakhulu lo mdlalo futhi wawuphakamisa phakathi kwabadlali bakhe. Kepha kwakuse-al-Andalus lapho i-chess yafinyelela khona ukubonakaliswa kwayo okungokomoya okuphezulu.. E-Umayyad Córdoba, amadoda ahlakaniphile ayisebenzisa njengethuluzi lokufundisa ukucabanga kanye nokuziphatha. Isazi sefilosofi u-Averroes sabhala ukuthi i-chess yayinjalo “isibuko somphefumulo”, lapho ukunyakaza ngakunye kwembula khona uhlamvu lomdlali.

Lesi siko sahlala eNyakatho Afrika naseMpumalanga Ephakathi. E-Morocco, Ngokwesibonelo, i-chess idlalwa ngaphakathi zawiyas (izikole ze-Koranic) njengendlela yokuqeqeshwa kwengqondo. E-Iran, yena shatranj Kuthathwa njengefa lamasiko, futhi abanye othisha bayifundisa njengesiyalo esingokomoya. Lokhu kubili—phakathi kokungcwele nokungcolile—kungokwemvelo kumdlalo we-chess.: Kungaba umsebenzi wokuzilibazisa olula noma indlela yokukhanyiselwa., kuye ngokuthi kusetshenzwa kanjani.

Ama-mosque namasinagoge: ibhodi njengendawo yezingxoxo

Ngekhulu lama-20, i-chess yaba uphawu lokuphikiswa kanye nezingxoxo zenkolo. EJerusalema, Ngokwesibonelo, imiqhudelwano ihlelwa phakathi kwamaJuda asemasha, AmaKristu namaSulumane, lapho ibhodi lisebenza njengendawo engathathi hlangothi. E-Istanbul, I-Süleymaniye Mosque ineklabhu ye-chess lapho abadlali bazo zonke izinkolo behlangana khona. Lesi simo asisisha: eSpain yasendulo, amaJuda, AmaKristu namaSulumane ayeqhudelana emidlalweni eyeqa imingcele yenkolo.

emasinagogeni, i-chess ithole indawo njengethuluzi lokufundisa. Futhi Israyeli, Isetshenziselwa ukufundisa izingane umlando namasu, ngenkathi e-diaspora, abanye orabi batusa njengokuvivinya isineke nokuzindla. ENew York, isinagoge le-chess club Central Synagogue ihlela imiqhudelwano lapho ukuncintisana kuxutshwa nobungane. Le ndlela ibonisa iqiniso eliphelele: i-chess, njengenkolo, Kungaba inkundla yempi noma indawo yokuhlangana, kuya ngenhloso yalabo abawudlalayo.

I-Chess njengesingathekiso saphezulu: umcabango wokugcina

Lapho ibhodi litshalwa endaweni engcwele, umdlalo uthatha ubukhulu obudlulele. Izingcezu, ukuthi ekuphileni kwansuku zonke bamele ama-pawn, ababhishobhi noma amakhosi, Ziba yizimpawu zezinga eliphezulu. Ukunyakaza ngakunye kuyeka ukuba wumdlalo olula bese kuba ukuzindla ngesiphetho, ukukhetha kanye nomthwalo wemfanelo. Ngalo mqondo, i-chess akuwona nje umdlalo, kodwa uhlobo lwemfundiso yenkolo engokoqobo, lapho kuhlangana khona umuntu noNkulunkulu 64 ama-casillas.

Mhlawumbe yingakho, kuwo wonke umlando, i-chess ivinjelwe futhi ihlonishwa, balahlwe futhi baphakanyiswe. Ngoba ngokubaluleka kwayo, umdlalo uqukethe indida: Kuwukubonakaliswa kwempi kanye nendlela eya ekuthuleni, ukuphazamiseka kwezwe kanye nendlela yokukhanya. Njengoba imbongi yasePheresiya u-Omar Khayyam yabhala: “Ibhodi umhlaba, izingcezu ziyizenzakalo zendawo yonke, futhi imithetho yomdlalo yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi imithetho yemvelo”. ethempelini, isonto noma i-mosque, i-chess iba ngaphezu komdlalo nje: Kuyisiko, umthandazo, inkhulumomphendvulwano nabaphakade.

Uma uke waba nomuzwa wokuthi i-chess ingaphezu kokuzilibazisa, awuwedwa. Kusukela kwabahlakaniphile baseNdiya kuya ezindelani zasendulo, edabula izazi zefilosofi zase-Andalusi, abaningi baye babona ebhodini isibuko somphefumulo. Ngokuzayo uma udlala, khumbula: konke ukunyakaza kungaba isifundo, nawo wonke umdlalo, ithuba lokuxhumana nento enkulu kunawe. njengasempilweni, ku-chess akukhona nje ngokuwina, kodwa ukuqonda umdlalo.