Tsiku la Chess Padziko Lonse: origen, chisinthiko ndi chifukwa chiyani kuyambira lero

Iye 20 July si tsiku lina chabe pa kalendala. Kwa anthu mamiliyoni ambiri padziko lonse lapansi, Tsikuli likuyimira chenicheni cha chess: masewera omwe amadutsa malire, zikhalidwe ndi nthawi, koma zimenezo zilinso ndi chiyambi chenicheni ndi nkhani yoyenera kunenedwa. N’chifukwa chiyani tsikuli linasankhidwa kuti lichite chikondwerero Tsiku la Chess Padziko Lonse? Yankho likutifikitsa ku mphindi yofunika kwambiri m'mbiri ya masewerawa: kukhazikitsidwa kwa International Chess Federation (FIDE) mu 1924, chochitika chofunika kwambiri chomwe chinali chiyambi cha nyengo yatsopano ya chess monga chikhalidwe chapadziko lonse lapansi. Koma kupitirira tanthauzo lake la m’mbiri, Lero ndikuitana kuti mufufuze chifukwa chake chess ikadali yofunika lero., Kodi zasintha bwanji ndipo chifukwa chiyani?, m'zaka za digito, sigue siendo el juego perfecto para iniciarse en la estrategia, la paciencia y el pensamiento crítico.

Chess si masewera amisala chabe; Ndi kalilole wa umunthu. Mu iwo 64 casillas se reflejan las batallas intelectuales de genios como Bobby Fischer, las tensiones geopolíticas de la Guerra Fría, las innovaciones tecnológicas que han redefinido el juego y hasta los esfuerzos por usar el tablero como herramienta de transformación social. Este artículo no solo celebra el Tsiku la Chess Padziko Lonse, sino que también explora las razones por las que esta fecha es el momento ideal para adentrarse en un universo donde cada movimiento cuenta, cada estrategia revela una lección y cada partida es una oportunidad para crecer.

El nacimiento de la FIDE: chess ngati chilankhulo chapadziko lonse lapansi

Para entender por qué el 20 de julio es el Tsiku la Chess Padziko Lonse, hay que viajar a París en 1924. Durante los Juegos Olímpicos de ese año, gulu la amasomphenya linakumana ndi cholinga chomveka: gwirizanitsani chess pansi pa bungwe lapadziko lonse lapansi lomwe lingalimbikitse machitidwe ake, khazikitsani malamulo ndikuwakweza kukhala gulu lamasewera odziwika padziko lonse lapansi. Choncho anabadwa International Chess Federation (FIDE), bungwe kuti, kuyambira pamenepo, Yakhala chipilala chomwe chess yamakono yamangidwapo.

Kusankha kwa 20 July sizinangochitika mwangozi. Zinagwirizana ndi kutsekedwa kwa Masewera a Olimpiki a Paris, chochitika chomwe chimaimira mgwirizano pakati pa mayiko kudzera mu masewera. chess, ngakhale sizinali choncho (ndipo sizili choncho) gawo lovomerezeka la Masewera a Olimpiki, anapeza pa tsiku ili chizindikiro cha chilengedwe chake. FIDE sanangoyamba kukonzekera masewera olimbitsa thupi komanso mpikisano wapadziko lonse lapansi, komanso demokalase masewera, kuchitengera kumalo kumene poyamba sichinkadziwika kapena kupezeka kwa anthu apamwamba okha. Pasanathe zaka zana, Chess idachoka kukhala chisangalalo m'ma salon olemekezeka kupita ku zochitika zapadziko lonse lapansi, ndi zambiri kuposa 600 osewera mamiliyoni padziko lonse lapansi.

Koma FIDE osati malamulo ogwirizana okha; Linagwirizanitsanso zikhalidwe. M’dziko logawanika ndi nkhondo, malingaliro ndi malire, chess idakhala chilankhulo chofala. Panthawi ya Cold War, Mwachitsanzo, Masewera pakati pa United States ndi USSR sanali zochitika zamasewera zosavuta, koma nkhondo zophiphiritsira zimene zinasonyeza kukangana kwapakati pa maulamuliro amphamvu aŵiri. Chess anakhala a diplomacy chete, pomwe zidutswa za pa bolodi zidalankhula mokweza kuposa mawu. Hoyi, FIDE ikupitirizabe kukhala mlatho pakati pa mayiko, kulimbikitsa osati mpikisano wokha, komanso kuphatikiza, maphunziro ndi chitukuko cha anthu kudzera mumasewera.

Chess m'zaka za digito: kubadwanso kapena mirage?

Ngati zaka za m'ma 20 zinali nthawi ya chess globalization, Zaka za zana la 21 zawona kusinthika kwa digito. Mapulatifomu ngati Chess.com, Lichess ndi kukwera kwa injini zowunikira ngati Stockfish ndi AlphaZero zasintha momwe masewera amaseweredwa., chess amaphunzitsidwa ndikuphunzitsidwa. Koma kusintha kumeneku sikunali kopanda mtsutso.: Ndi classical chess pachiwopsezo cha kutha? ¿O, m'malo mwake, ukadaulo wakwaniritsa zomwe FIDE amalota 1924: pangitsa kuti masewerawa athe kupezeka kuposa kale?

Yankho si lophweka. Mbali inayi, digito chess ili ndi mwayi wopeza demokalase pamasewerawa. Hoyi, Aliyense amene ali ndi intaneti akhoza kukumana ndi osewera ochokera padziko lonse lapansi, santhulani masewera ndi mainjini opangira nzeru kapena phunzirani kuchokera kwa akatswiri apamwamba kudzera mumaphunziro a YouTube. Chochitika cha The Queen's Gambit, mndandanda wa Netflix womwe uli mkati 2020 adabweretsa chess mu chikhalidwe cha pop, Ndi chitsanzo chodziwikiratu cha momwe teknoloji ingatsitsimutsirenso chidwi pamasewera. M'miyezi ingapo, nsanja ngati Chess.com inanena kuwonjezeka kwa 500% mwa ogwiritsa ntchito atsopano, ambiri a iwo achinyamata omwe adapeza chess chifukwa cha mndandanda.

Koma kutchuka kumeneku kwadzetsanso mavuto. kuthamanga chess, blitz ndi bullet (masewera mphindi imodzi kapena zitatu) adapeza maziko motsutsana ndi classical chess, pomwe wosewera aliyense ali ndi ola limodzi loti aganizire zamayendedwe ake. Ena a purists amanena kuti liwiro ili limapereka kuzama kwa masewerawa., kuzichepetsa ku mpikisano wa ma reflexes m'malo moganiza. Komanso, Kugwiritsa ntchito injini za chess kusanthula masewera kwadzetsa mikangano pazachinyengo komanso kutsimikizika kwamasewera amunthu.. Kodi wosewera yemwe amadalira kwambiri AI angapange kalembedwe kake? Kapena kodi ukadaulo ukufotokozeranso tanthauzo la kukhala mphunzitsi wabwino??

Chowonadi ndi chakuti digito chess si yabwino kapena yoyipa mwa iyo yokha.; ndi chida. Monga tanenera m'nkhani ina Momwe ma injini a chess adafotokozeranso masewerawa, AI yalola osewera kukulitsa luso lawo mokulirapo, koma zatikakamizanso kuti tiganizirenso za udindo wa anthu pa bolodi. Hoyi, Aphunzitsi apamwamba samangopikisana ndi anthu ena, komanso motsutsana ndi makina omwe amawerengera mamiliyoni a malo pamphindikati. Izi zapangitsa kuti pakhale kusintha kwamasewera: Sikulinso kuloweza mipata, koma kumvetsa mfundo zozama, kukulitsa luso ndi, pamwamba pa zonse, phunzirani kuganiza ngati katswiri.

Chess ngati chida chosinthira chikhalidwe cha anthu

Kupitilira mpikisano ndiukadaulo, Chess yatsimikizira kuti ndi chida champhamvu chosinthira anthu. M’malo amene maphunziro apamwamba ndi ochepa kapena kumene mikangano yasiya zipsera zazikulu, chess yasanduka pothawirapo, njira yochiritsira ndi kumanganso. Kuyambira kundende kupita kumisasa ya anthu othawa kwawo, akudutsa m'masukulu omwe ali m'madera omenyana, chess board yawona nkhani zakulimba mtima, chiyembekezo ndi kusintha.

Chitsanzo cholimbikitsa ndikugwiritsa ntchito chess mu ku Democratic Republic of the Congo, kumene mabungwe amakonda Chess ku Slums Agwiritsa ntchito masewerawa kukonzanso ana ankhondo. Munthawi yomwe ziwawa ndi zoopsa zili gawo la moyo watsiku ndi tsiku, chess imapereka njira ina: Amaphunzitsa kuganiza asanayambe kuchita, kukonzekera njira ndi kulamulira maganizo. Kwa ana awa, masewera aliwonse ndi fanizo la moyo: pa bolodi, monga kwenikweni, zisankho zimakhala ndi zotsatira zake, ndipo kuleza mtima ndi mwambo zingapangitse kusiyana pakati pa kugonja ndi kupambana.

Koma chess sikuti imangosintha miyoyo pazovuta kwambiri. M'masukulu padziko lonse lapansi, Chakhala chida chamtengo wapatali chophunzitsira. Mayiko ngati Armenia, pomwe chess ndi phunziro lovomerezeka kuyambira pamenepo 2011, awonetsa kuti masewerawa amathandizira pamaphunziro, kukhazikika komanso luso la masamu. Ku Colombia, Mwachitsanzo, iye Isolated Pawn Club wagwiritsa ntchito chess ngati chida chosinthira chikhalidwe ku Medellín, kuphunzitsa ana ndi achinyamata ochokera kumadera omwe ali pachiwopsezo kuti aganizire mwanzeru, kuthetsa mavuto ndikugwira ntchito monga gulu. Chess sikuti amangowapatsa ntchito yolimbikitsa, koma amawapatsanso malingaliro oti ndi ofunikira komanso odzidalira.

Ngakhale mu bizinesi, chess yapeza malo ake. Makampani ochulukirachulukira amaphatikiza masewera pamapulogalamu awo ophunzitsira kuti apange luso la utsogoleri, kupanga zisankho ndikuwongolera kupsinjika. Monga tanenera m'nkhani ina chess kwa ma CEO, bolodi ndi labotale pomwe zochitika zovuta zimatha kutsatiridwa, kuyesa njira ndikuphunzira kuchokera ku zolakwika popanda zotsatira zenizeni za bizinesi. Kwa atsogoleri, chess ndi fanizo la moyo waukadaulo: muzochitika zonsezi, kupambana kumadalira luso loyembekezera mayendedwe, sinthani ndikusintha ndikukhala chete mukapanikizika.

Chifukwa chiyani 20 July ndi tsiku loyenera kuyamba kusewera chess?

Ngati chess ndi masewera akale okhala ndi mizu ku India, Persia ndi Europe, ndipo ngati chisinthiko chake chadziwika ndi zochitika zakale, zaukadaulo ndi chikhalidwe, chifukwa cha 20 July ndi tsiku loyenera kuyamba? Yankho limapitilira kukhazikitsidwa kwa FIDE. Tsikuli ndi pempho loti tiganizire zomwe chess imayimira: masewera kuti, ngakhale kuti n'zosavuta, lili ndi kuya kopanda malire.

Kwa oyamba kumene, chess imatha kuwoneka ngati yovuta. Malamulo ndi osavuta, koma kudziwa bwino masewerawa kumatenga nthawi, kuleza mtima ndi kuchita. Komabe, iye 20 July ndi chikumbutso kuti chess si ya akatswiri kapena akatswiri okha. Ndi masewera a aliyense: ana, akuluakulu, oyamba ndi ambuye. Masewera aliwonse ndi mwayi wophunzira china chatsopano, kaya ndi kutsegula, njira kapena phunziro la moyo. Monga mphunzitsi wamkulu Savielly Tartakower adanena: “Chess ndi luso lomwe likuwonetsa kukongola kwa malingaliro”.

Komanso, Chess ndi imodzi mwamasewera ochepa omwe safuna ndalama zambiri. Bolodi ndi zidutswa zina ndizokwanira kuti muyambe, ndi lero, chifukwa chaukadaulo, ngakhale icho chiri chofunikira. Mapulatifomu aulere ngati Lichess amakulolani kusewera pa intaneti, santhulani masewera ndikuphunzira kuchokera kwa osewera ena osawononga ndalama. Izi zimapangitsa kukhala masewera ofikika kwa aliyense., mosasamala za msinkhu wanu, jenda kapena chikhalidwe chachuma.

Koma mwina chifukwa champhamvu kwambiri choyambira kusewera chess ndi 20 ya July ndi luso lake logwirizanitsa anthu. M'dziko logawanika kwambiri, kumene kusiyana ndale, chikhalidwe ndi chikhalidwe zimaoneka ngati zosagonjetseka, chess imapereka malo ochitira misonkhano. Anthu awiri olankhula chinenero chimodzi, omwe amachokera ku zikhalidwe zosiyanasiyana kapena omwe ali ndi malingaliro osiyana ndi dziko lapansi amatha kukhala kutsogolo kwa bolodi ndikulumikizana kudzera mu zidutswazo. Chess sichiweruza; zimangopindulitsa nzeru, zilandiridwenso ndi njira.

Tsogolo la chess: pakati pa miyambo ndi luso

Chess yapulumuka maufumu, nkhondo ndi kusintha kwaukadaulo. Hoyi, m'zaka za zana la 21, akupitiriza kusinthika. Artificial intelligence yafotokozanso malire amasewera, Zikondwerero zapaintaneti zaphwanya zotchinga zapamalo ndipo chess ya azimayi ikuyamba kuzindikirika koyenera. Koma, Kodi chess ikupita kuti zaka makumi angapo zikubwerazi??

Chimodzi mwazosangalatsa kwambiri ndikuphatikizana pakati pa chess ndiukadaulo. Zowona zenizeni komanso zowonjezereka zimalonjeza kutenga masewera atsopano, kulola osewera kumizidwa mumagulu atatu-dimensional kapena kupikisana m'malo ochezera. Tangoganizirani mpikisano womwe zidutswazo zimakhala zamoyo, kumene osewera angathe “kuyenda” kuzungulira bolodi kapena komwe AI imachita ngati woweruza munthawi yeniyeni. Izi sizikanangopangitsa kuti masewerawa akhale okongola kwa mibadwo yatsopano, koma zingatsegulenso mwayi wamaphunziro ndi achire osayerekezeka.

Chinthu chinanso ndikukula kwaukadaulo wa chess. Hoyi, agogo samangopikisana pa maudindo ndi ndalama za mphotho, koma alinso osonkhezera, opanga zinthu ndi ziwerengero zapa media. Magnus Carlsen, nambala wani pano padziko lapansi, Ndi chitsanzo cha momwe chess imatha kudutsa bolodi ndikukhala chikhalidwe cha chikhalidwe. Masewero ake aukali, Chikoka chake komanso kupezeka kwake pamasamba ochezera a pa Intaneti kwalimbikitsa mbadwo watsopano wa osewera omwe amawona chess osati ngati masewera., koma ngati moyo.

Koma mwina vuto lalikulu la chess mtsogolomo ndikusunga kufunikira kwake m'dziko lomwe likuyenda mwachangu.. classic chess, ndi masewera ake aatali ndi kutsindika kwake pa njira yakuya, ali pachiwopsezo chotsitsidwa ku chess mwachangu ndi blitz. Komabe, Monga nkhani pa Classic vs Quick Chess, mitundu yonseyi imatha kukhala limodzi. Speed ​​​​chess imakopa osewera atsopano, pamene tingachipeze powerenga akadali mtima wa masewera, kumene ambuye owona amapangidwa.

Iye 20 July, choncho, Sichikondwerero chabe cha zakale., komanso kuyang'ana zam'tsogolo. Ndi chikumbutso kuti chess, kuposa masewera, Ndi cholowa chomwe chimaperekedwa kuchokera ku mibadwomibadwo kupita ku mibadwo., kutengera nthawi popanda kutaya tanthauzo lake.

Iye Tsiku la Chess Padziko Lonse Ndi zambiri kuposa tsiku pa kalendala.. Ndi ulemu ku masewera omwe adagwirizanitsa anthu kwa zaka mazana ambiri, zomwe zatsutsa malingaliro anzeru ndikusintha miyoyo m'malo osayembekezeka. Kuyambira maziko ake mu 1924, FIDE wagwira ntchito molimbika kuti chess izindikiridwe osati ngati masewera okha, koma ngati chida chophunzitsira, kuphatikiza ndi chitukuko cha anthu. Hoyi, m'zaka za digito, chess ikupitiriza kusinthika, koma thunthu lake limakhalabe: Ndi masewera anzeru, kuleza mtima ndi kulenga zomwe zimadutsa malire ndi mibadwo.

Kuyamba mu chess 20 July samangophunzira kusuntha zidutswa; ndikulowa m'chilengedwe momwe masewera aliwonse ali phunziro, Kulakwitsa kulikonse mwayi wophunzira ndi kupambana kulikonse chikumbutso kuti, m'moyo monga pa bolodi, Kuganiza mwanzeru ndi kulimbikira ndiye makiyi opambana. Kaya ngati wosewera wamba, wopikisana naye kwambiri kapena ngati wowonera, chess imapereka china chake kwa aliyense. Ndipo m'dziko lovuta kwambiri, kumene zisankho zofulumira ndi kufulumira kumawoneka ngati kulamulira, chess imatikumbutsa kufunika koima, ganizani ndikukonzekera.

choncho izi 20 July, Zilibe kanthu kuti ndinu woyamba kapena katswiri, kaya mukusewera pa matabwa kapena pa touch screen: Tengani kamphindi kukondwerera chess. Chifukwa kuposa masewera, Ndi kalilole wa umunthu, labotale ya malingaliro ndi, pamwamba pa zonse, kuitana kuganiza, kupanga ndi kugwirizana.