Chess m'masukulu: tsogolo la maphunziro

M'dziko lomwe luso laukadaulo likupita patsogolo mwachangu komanso mopanda malire komanso maphunziro akuyesetsa kuti agwirizane ndi zofunikira zazaka za 21st., Chess imatuluka ngati chida chosinthira maphunziro. Kutali kukhala masewera osavuta a board, Masewera akale amalingaliro awa akhala othandiza kwambiri pakukulitsa luso la kuzindikira, maganizo ndi chikhalidwe mwa ophunzira. Masukulu padziko lonse lapansi, kuchokera ku Finland kupita ku Singapore, Akuphatikiza chess m'mapulogalamu awo a maphunziro, osati monga zochitika zakunja, koma ngati gawo lofunikira la maphunziro. Zomwe zimapangitsa masewerawa, ndi zambiri kuposa 1500 zaka za mbiriyakale, kukhala ofunikira kwambiri pakuphunzitsa mibadwo yatsopano? M'nkhaniyi, Tiwona momwe chess imasinthira makalasi, zopindulitsa zasayansi zomwe zimathandizira kukhazikitsidwa kwake ndi zovuta zomwe machitidwe amaphunziro amakumana nazo akamatsatira. Komanso, Tidzasanthula nkhani zopambana komanso tsogolo la mwambowu mumaphunziro amakono.

Chess ngati chida chophunzitsira: kuposa masewera

Chess simasewera chabe; Ndi labotale yophunzirira yaying'ono. Maphunziro a Neuroscientific, monga zomwe zimachitidwa ndi Institute of Education ya University of London, awonetsa kuti kusewera chess kumayambitsa madera a ubongo okhudzana ndi kukumbukira, kulingalira momveka ndi kupanga zisankho. Mwachitsanzo, kafukufuku wofalitsidwa mu *Frontiers in Psychology* (2019) adawulula kuti ana omwe amasewera chess nthawi zonse amakulitsa luso lawo lokhazikika mu a 50% poyerekeza ndi omwe satero. Izi ndichifukwa choti masewerawa amafunikira mayendedwe oyembekezera, kuunika zotsatira ndikusintha kuti zisinthe, luso losamutsidwa mwachindunji ku masamu, kuthetsa mavuto komanso ngakhale kupanga mapulogalamu.

Koma zotsatira zake zimapitirira chidziwitso.. Chess imalimbikitsa kuleza mtima, ndi kupirira ndi kasamalidwe ka maganizo. Mu kafukufuku wopangidwa ku New York masukulu, Zinawoneka kuti ophunzira omwe adachita nawo masewera a chess adawonetsa kuchepa 30% m'makhalidwe opupuluma, chifukwa masewerawa amawaphunzitsa kuganiza asanachite. Komanso, kukhala zochitika payekha koma ndi gawo la chikhalidwe (popeza imaseweredwa ndi mdani), kumalimbikitsa kulemekeza malamulo ndi chifundo, pomvetsetsa kuti kusuntha kulikonse kumakhudza osewera wina.

M'mayiko ngati Spain, kumene chess ndi phunziro lovomerezeka m'madera ena odzilamulira, zotsatira zake ndi zogwirika. Malinga ndi deta yochokera ku Unduna wa Maphunziro, Ophunzira omwe amalandira makalasi a chess amawongolera masamu awo ndi avareji ya 15%, ndi powerenga kumvetsa, ndi 12%. Izi zikufotokozedwa chifukwa chess sikuti imangogwiritsa ntchito ubongo, komanso amaphunzitsa kupanga ganizo mwadongosolo, luso lofunikira kudera lililonse lachidziwitso.

Kuchokera ku Finland kupita ku Singapore: zitsanzo zamaphunziro zomwe zimabetcha pa chess

Kukhazikitsidwa kwa chess m'masukulu si yunifolomu; zimasiyanasiyana malinga ndi chikhalidwe cha maphunziro cha dziko lililonse. Komabe, Zitsanzo zina zimadziwikiratu chifukwa cha njira yawo yatsopano komanso zotsatira zotsimikiziridwa.

Finland: chess ngati gawo la “kuphunzira kusewera”
Osati Finland, dziko lodziwika chifukwa cha maphunziro apamwamba kwambiri, Chess imaphatikizidwa kuchokera ku maphunziro a pulayimale ngati chida cha maphunziro otengera masewera. Pano, Sizokhudza kuloweza mipata kapena machenjerero., koma kugwiritsa ntchito chess kuphunzitsa malingaliro osamveka. Mwachitsanzo, m’masukulu ena, Ophunzira amathetsa mavuto a geometry posuntha zidutswa pa bolodi kapena kuphunzira mbiri yakale pochitanso nkhondo zodziwika bwino. Lipoti lochokera ku yunivesite ya Helsinki (2021) akuwonetsa kuti njira iyi yakweza chidwi cha ophunzira mu a 40%, makamaka kwa iwo omwe ali ndi zovuta kuphunzira, popeza masewerawa amachepetsa nkhawa yokhudzana ndi kuwunika kwachikhalidwe.

Singapore: chess ndi kuganiza mozama m'zaka za digito
Singapore, mtsogoleri pa masanjidwe a maphunziro apadziko lonse lapansi, waphatikiza chess monga gawo la pulogalamu yake Maluso Oganiza Bwino. Boma linaika ndalama zambiri kuposa 2 madola mamiliyoni ambiri 2020 kuphunzitsa aphunzitsi ndi kupanga zipangizo zophunzitsira. Cholinga sikupanga akatswiri, koma nzika zokhoza kusanthula zambiri m'dziko lodzaza ndi deta. Malinga ndi Unduna wa Zamaphunziro ku Singapore, ophunzira omwe akuchita nawo mapulogalamu a chess akuwonetsa a 25% kuthekera kochulukirapo kuzindikira kukondera munkhani zabodza, luso lofunika kwambiri m'zaka zachinyengo.

USA: chess ngati chida chophatikizira anthu
M'mizinda ngati Chicago kapena Los Angeles, Chess yakhala mlatho wochepetsera kusiyana kwa maphunziro. Mabungwe ngati Chess m'masukulu Amagwira ntchito m'madera ozungulira, kumene masewera samangopititsa patsogolo maphunziro, komanso amateteza achinyamata ku chiwawa. Kafukufuku wochokera ku yunivesite ya Chicago (2018) adapeza kuti ophunzira omwe adachita nawo makalabu a chess anali ndi 20% mosakayika kusiya sukulu. Komanso, Chess imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chithandizo pamapulogalamu a achinyamata omwe ali ndi vuto la autism spectrum (TIYI), monga zimawathandiza kukulitsa luso lachiyanjano m'malo okhazikika.

Zitsanzozi zikuwonetsa kuti chess simasewera chabe, koma njira yophunzirira yokhala ndi maziko olimba. Komabe, kukhazikitsidwa kwake sikukhala ndi zovuta.

Mavuto ndi kukana: bwanji masukulu onse satengera chess?

Ngakhale ubwino wake, Kuphatikizika kwa chess m'masukulu kumakumana ndi zopinga kuyambira pakukonzekera kupita ku chikhalidwe.

1. Kupanda maphunziro a aphunzitsi
Chimodzi mwa zovuta kwambiri ndi kuphunzitsa aphunzitsi. Aphunzitsi ambiri sadziwa kusewera chess kapena sadziwa kulumikiza ndi maphunziro ena. Ku Spain, Mwachitsanzo, kokha ndi 18% aphunzitsi aku pulayimale alandira maphunziro apadera pamaphunziro a chess, malinga ndi lipoti lochokera ku Spanish Chess Federation (2022). Izi zimatsogolera ku, nthawi zambiri, Chess imaphunzitsidwa ngati masewera osangalatsa opanda zolinga zomveka bwino zamaphunziro.

2. Kukana kusintha kwa maphunziro
Machitidwe a maphunziro nthawi zambiri amakhala okhwima, ndipo kuwonjezera phunziro latsopano kumatanthauza kukonzanso ndandanda, kuwunika ndi zothandizira. M'mayiko ngati Mexico, kumene chess ndi yosankha m'masukulu ena, Zotsatira zake zimakhala zochepa chifukwa zimapikisana ndi zochitika zina zakunja. Komanso, Pali kukayikira pakati pa makolo ndi olamulira ena, omwe amawona chess ngati “masewera” osati ngati chida chophunzirira.

3. Kusiyana kwaukadaulo ndi mwayi wosagwirizana
Ngakhale chess ndi masewera opezeka, Kuphunzitsa kwanu kumafuna zida (matabwa, magawo, mabuku) kuti sukulu zonse sizingakwanitse. M'madera akumidzi a Latin America kapena Africa, kumene chuma chili chosowa, kukhazikitsa kuli kosatheka popanda thandizo lakunja. Komabe, zoyeserera monga Chess ku Sukulu pa FIDE (International Chess Federation) Akugwira ntchito yopereka zipangizo ndi kuphunzitsa aphunzitsi m'madera omwe ali pachiopsezo.

4. Kuwunika zotsatira
Kuyeza momwe chess imakhudzira kuphunzira sikophweka. Mosiyana ndi masamu kapena chinenero, komwe zotsatira zimawunikidwa ndi mayeso okhazikika, ubwino wa chess (monga kusintha kwa kuganiza mozama kapena luso) ndizovuta kuwerengera. Izi zimapangitsa kuti maboma ena azizengereza kuyika ndalama pamapulogalamu anthawi yayitali.

Ngakhale zovuta izi, chess ikupitirizabe kupeza malo, chifukwa cha umboni wa sayansi ndi nkhani zopambana zomwe zimalimbikitsa machitidwe ena a maphunziro.

Tsogolo la chess m'kalasi: luso, luntha lochita kupanga ndi njira zatsopano

Chess sikuti imangotengera masukulu amtsogolo, komanso amasintha ndi iwo. Tekinoloje ikusintha momwe masewerawa amaphunzitsira ndi kuphunzira, kutsegula zotheka zomwe poyamba zinali zosaganizirika.

Mapulatifomu a digito ndi masewera
Zida ngati Chess.com, Lichess o ChessKid Iwo akusintha maphunziro a chess. nsanja izi osati amakulolani kusewera Intaneti, koma amaperekanso maphunziro ochita zinthu, kusanthula masewera ndi zolimbitsa thupi zomwe zimatengera mulingo wa wophunzira aliyense. Ku Sweden, Mwachitsanzo, iye 70% kugwiritsa ntchito masukulu a pulaimale ChessKid monga gawo la pulogalamu yanu ya chess, kuphatikiza masewera chikhalidwe ndi gamification. Ana amapeza mfundo, Tsegulani milingo ndikupikisana pamasewera owoneka bwino, zomwe zimawonjezera chidwi chanu.

Luntha lochita kupanga komanso kuphunzira payekhapayekha
nzeru zochita kupanga (IA) akutenga chess kupita kumlingo wina. Mapulogalamu ngati AlphaZero (yopangidwa ndi DeepMind) sikuti amangosewera bwino kuposa anthu, Angathenso kusanthula masewera ndikupereka ndemanga pompopompo. M'masukulu ena ku China, Makina a AI akuyesedwa omwe amasintha maphunziro a chess kuti agwirizane ndi liwiro la wophunzira aliyense, kuzindikira zofooka zanu ndikupereka zolimbitsa thupi zenizeni. Izi ndizothandiza makamaka m'makalasi omwe ali ndi magawo osiyanasiyana., kumene mphunzitsi sangathe kutumikira aliyense mofanana.

Zowona zenizeni ndi immersive chess
zenizeni zenizeni (RV) yayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito pophunzitsa chess mozama. Mu ntchito zoyesa ku United States, ophunzira ntchito VR magalasi kuti “kulowa” pa bolodi lalikulu ndikusuntha zidutswazo ndi manja anu. Izi sizimangopangitsa kuphunzira kukhala kosangalatsa, komanso zimathandizira kuwona malingaliro osamveka, monga njira yowongolera yapakati pa bolodi. Ngakhale akadali ukadaulo wokwera mtengo, Zikuyembekezeka kuti m'zaka zikubwerazi zitha kupezeka mosavuta.

Chess ngati mlatho wopita ku STEM
M'dziko limene ntchito mu sayansi, luso, uinjiniya ndi masamu (Chithunzi cha STEM) akufunika kwambiri, chess ikudziyika yokha ngati chipata. Ndipo Israeli, Mwachitsanzo, Mapulogalamu apangidwa omwe amagwiritsa ntchito chess kuphunzitsa ma algorithms oyambira. Ophunzira amaphunzira “pulogalamu” amayenda pa bolodi, zomwe zimawathandiza kumvetsetsa tanthauzo la zilankhulo zama code. Njira iyi sikuti imangopangitsa chess kukhala yogwirizana ndi mibadwo yatsopano, komanso amakonzekeretsa ophunzira ntchito zamtsogolo.

chess, choncho, Simasewera chabe akale, koma chida chofunikira pamaphunziro apano komanso amtsogolo. Kutha kwake kuzolowera matekinoloje atsopano ndi njira zake kumapangitsa kuti ikhale yothandiza kwambiri pakuphunzitsa anthu oganiza bwino komanso oganiza bwino..

M'dziko lovuta kwambiri, komwe kutha kusanthula zambiri, kupanga zisankho ndikusintha kusintha ndi luso lofunikira, Chess imaperekedwa ngati njira yofikira komanso yothandiza yophunzitsira. M'nkhani yonseyi, Tawona momwe masewera akalewa samangopititsa patsogolo maphunziro, komanso amakulitsa luso lokhudzana ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu, imalimbikitsa kuphatikizidwa ndikukonzekeretsa ophunzira ku zovuta zazaka za zana la 21. Kuchokera ku zitsanzo zamaphunziro ku Finland ndi Singapore kupita kuzinthu zophatikizira ku United States, chess ikuwonetsa kuti mtengo wake umapitilira ngodya zinayi za bolodi.

Komabe, kukhazikitsidwa kwake sikukhala ndi zovuta. Kupanda maphunziro a aphunzitsi, Kukana kusintha kwamaphunziro ndi kusiyana kwaukadaulo ndi zopinga zomwe ziyenera kuthetsedwa kuti chess ifike m'makalasi onse.. Koma, monga taonera, Tekinoloje ndi njira zatsopano zikukonza njira, kupanga masewerawa kuti athe kupezeka komanso ofunikira kuposa kale.

Tsogolo la chess mu maphunziro likulonjeza. Mothandizidwa ndi luntha lochita kupanga, zenizeni zenizeni ndi nsanja za digito, Masewerawa akusintha kuti agwirizane ndi zosowa za mibadwo yatsopano. Sikuti kuphunzitsa osewera bwino., koma kuphunzitsa oganiza bwino, wotsutsa kwambiri, kulenga ndi kupirira. M’dziko limene maphunziro ayenera kutikonzekeretsa kulimbana ndi zimene sitikuzidziwa, Chess ndi kampasi yomwe imatitsogolera ku maphunziro opindulitsa. Masukulu amtsogolo ali pano, ndipo chess ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zake zazikulu.